Amphetamine

Amphetamine

Molecular structure via molpic
Molecular formula	C₉H₁₃N
Molecular mass	135.21 g/mol
Density	0.913 g/cm³
Appearance	Mobile liquid
Odor	Amine odor
Taste	Acrid, burning taste
Melting point	25 °C
Boiling point	392 to 397 °F at 760 mmHg (EPA, 1998)
Decomposition	When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of nitroxides.
Solubility	Sulfate: Soluble in water Freebase: Soluble in ether, ethanol and chloroform
Chirality	racemic

Identifiers []
IUPAC name	1-phenylpropan-2-amine
Cannonical SMILES	CC(CC1=CC=CC=C1)N
InChI	InChI=1S/C9H13N/c1-8(10)7-9-5-3-2-4-6-9/h2-6,8H,7,10H2,1H3
InChIKey	KWTSXDURSIMDCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N

Dosing

Intravenous []
Threshold	15 - 20 mg
Light	20 - 22 mg
Common	22 - 25 mg
Strong	25 - 30 mg
Heavy	30 mg

Insufflated []
Threshold	0.25 - 1 mg
Light	1 - 10 mg
Common	10 - 20 mg
Strong	20 - 30 mg
Heavy	30 - 40 mg

Oral []
Threshold	0.5 - 5 mg
Light	5 - 10 mg
Common	10 - 20 mg
Strong	20 - 30 mg
Heavy	30 - 60 mg

Rectal []
Threshold	5 mg
Light	5 - 6 mg
Common	6 - 7 mg
Strong	7 - 10 mg
Heavy	10 - 13 mg

Statistically derived dosages by Sernyl

Amphetamine (also known as Amfetamine, Desoxynorephedrine, Norephedrane, 1-Phenyl-2-aminopropane, Elastonon, Fenopromin, Phenedrine, alpha-Methylphenethylamine, beta-Aminopropylbenzene or Propisamine and brand names including Adderall and Evekeo) is a stimulant substance of the phenethylamine class.

History and culture

Amphetamine was first synthesized 1887 in Germany by Lazăr Edeleanu.

However, its effects remained unknown until 1927, when Gordon Alles discovered it to have stimulant properties.

Chemistry

Amphetamine is typically prepared in the form of its amine salts sulfate, hydrochloride, aspartate, adipate, tartrate, chlorphenoxyacetate and phosphate.

Amphetamine is a racemic mixture of two optical stereoisomers:

Pharmacology

Amphetamine acts as a monoamine releasing agent and monoamine reuptake inhibitor.

Enzyme activity

Amphetamine is a substrate of CYP2A6, coadministration of substances which inhibit CYP2A6 may result in altered drug effects and prolong its elimination half-life.

Subjective effects

Physical effects []
Abnormal heartbeat Appetite suppression Bronchodilation Dehydration Dry mouth Excessive yawning Headache Increased blood pressure Increased bodily temperature Increased heart rate Increased libido Muscle twitching Physical euphoria Pupil dilation Restless legs Seizure Shakiness Stamina enhancement Stimulation Teeth grinding Temperature regulation suppression Vasoconstriction Vasodilation Vibrating vision

Physical effects

[]

Cognitive effects []
Analysis enhancement Cognitive euphoria Compulsive redosing Disinhibition Ego inflation Empathy, affection, and sociability enhancement Focus enhancement Increased music appreciation Mania Memory enhancement Motivation enhancement Suggestibility suppression Thought acceleration Thought organization Wakefulness

Sensory effects []
Colour enhancement Drifting Tracers

Legal status

UN: Amphetamine is a Schedule II controlled substance under the "convention on psychotropic substances".
Australia: Amphetamine is a Schedule 8 controlled substance under the "Poisons Standard".
Brazil: Amphetamine is a Class A3 psychoactive substance.
Canada: Amphetamine is a Schedule I drug under the "Controlled Drugs and Substances Act".
Germany: Amphetamine is a Anlage III controlled substance. It can only be prescribed on a narcotic prescription form under the "Betaeubungsmittelgesetz".
Japan: Amphetamine is a prohibited substance.
Luxembourg: Amphetamine is a Schedule II controlled substance under the "convention on psychotropic substances".
The Netherlands: Amphetamine is a List I controlled substance under the "Opiumwet".
New Zealand: Amphetamine is a Class B controlled substance.
Poland: Amphetamine is a Group II-P controlled substance.
South Korea: Amphetamine is a Schedule II controlled substance under the "convention on psychotropic substances".
Sweden: Amphetamine is a Schedule II controlled substance under the "convention on psychotropic substances".
Switzerland: Amphetamine is a Verzeichnis A controlled substance. Medicinal use is permitted.
Thailand: Amphetamine is a Category 1 narcotic under the "Thai Narcotic Act of 2012".
United Kingdom: Amphetamine is a Class B drug under the "Misuse of Drugs Act 1971".
United States: Amphetamine is a Schedule II controlled substance under the "convention on psychotropic substances".